Chapter 1: The Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease
- Section 1.1: Epidemiology and Trends
- Section 1.2: Socioeconomic Impact
- Section 1.3: Disparities in Cardiovascular Health
Chapter 2: Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System
- Section 2.1: Cardiac Anatomy
- Section 2.2: Myocardial Contraction and Relaxation
- Section 2.3: The Cardiac Cycle and Hemodynamics
- Section 2.4: Cardiac Conduction System
Chapter 3: Diagnostic Modalities in Cardiology
- Section 3.1: Electrocardiography (ECG)
- Section 3.2: Echocardiography
- Section 3.3: Cardiac Imaging
- Section 3.4: Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography

Part II: Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Heart Disease

Chapter 4: Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis
- Section 4.1: Endothelial Dysfunction
- Section 4.2: Plaque Formation and Rupture
Chapter 5: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
- Section 5.1: Hypertension
- Section 5.2: Dyslipidemia
- Section 5.3: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
- Section 5.4: Smoking and Lifestyle Factors
Chapter 6: Acute Coronary Syndromes
- Section 6.1: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)
- Section 6.2: NSTEMI and Unstable Angina
- Section 6.3: Management and Revascularization
Chapter 7: Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
- Section 7.1: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
- Section 7.2: Medical and Surgical Management
- Section 7.3: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and CABG
Chapter 8: Peripheral Artery Disease
- Section 8.1: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
- Section 8.2: Diagnosis and Treatment

Part III: Valvular Heart Disease

Chapter 9: Aortic Valve Disease
- Section 9.1: Aortic Stenosis and Regurgitation
- Section 9.2: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)
- Section 9.3: Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR)
Chapter 10: Mitral Valve Disease
- Section 10.1: Mitral Stenosis and Regurgitation
- Section 10.2: Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair
- Section 10.3: Surgical Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement
Chapter 11: Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valve Disease
- Section 11.1: Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valve Disorders
- Section 11.2: Multivalvular Disease
Chapter 12: Prosthetic Heart Valves
- Section 12.1: Types and Complications
- Section 12.2: Management of Patients with Prosthetic Valves

Part IV: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies

Chapter 13: Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
- Section 13.1: Remodeling and Neurohormonal Activation
- Section 13.2: Systolic vs. Diastolic Dysfunction
Chapter 14: Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
- Section 14.1: Pharmacological Therapy
- Section 14.2: Device Therapy
- Section 14.3: Mechanical Circulatory Support
- Section 14.4: Heart Transplantation
Chapter 15: Cardiomyopathies
- Section 15.1: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Section 15.2: Dilated and Restrictive Cardiomyopathies
- Section 15.3: Myocarditis and Cardiac Amyloidosis
- Section 15.4: Athletes Heart

Part V: Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology

Chapter 16: Cardiac Electrophysiology
- Section 16.1: Ion Channels and Action Potentials
- Section 16.2: Mechanisms of Arrhythmia
Chapter 17: Supraventricular Tachycardias (SVTs)
- Section 17.1: Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter
- Section 17.2: Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)
Chapter 18: Ventricular Arrhythmias
- Section 18.1: Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and Fibrillation (VF)
- Section 18.2: Sudden Cardiac Death
Chapter 19: Bradyarrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances
- Section 19.1: Sinus Node Dysfunction
- Section 19.2: Atrioventricular (AV) Block
Chapter 20: Electrophysiology Studies and Ablation
- Section 20.1: Diagnostic EP Studies
- Section 20.2: Catheter Ablation Techniques

Part VI: Special Topics in Cardiology

Chapter 21: Pericardial and Myocardial Disease
- Section 21.1: Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusions
- Section 21.2: Congenital Heart Disease in Adults
Chapter 22: Pulmonary Hypertension and Thromboembolic Disease
- Section 22.1: Pulmonary Hypertension
- Section 22.2: Pulmonary Embolism and DVT
Chapter 23: Cardiovascular Disease in Specific Populations
- Section 23.1: Women's Cardiovascular Health
- Section 23.2: Cardio-Oncology
Chapter 24: Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention
- Section 24.1: Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs
- Section 24.2: The Role of Lifestyle
Chapter 25: Future Directions in Cardiology
- Section 25.1: Genetics and Precision Medicine
- Section 25.2: Artificial Intelligence and Digital Health
- Section 25.3: Regenerative Medicine

Ref: main_index2.txt

Expanded Menu

Part I: The Foundations of Cardiovascular Medicine

Chapter 1: The Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease

Section 1.1: Epidemiology and Trends

Section 1.2: Socioeconomic Impact

Section 1.3: Disparities in Cardiovascular Health

Chapter 2: Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

Section 2.1: Cardiac Anatomy

Section 2.2: Myocardial Contraction and Relaxation

Section 2.3: The Cardiac Cycle and Hemodynamics

Section 2.4: Cardiac Conduction System

Chapter 3: Diagnostic Modalities in Cardiology

Section 3.1: Electrocardiography (ECG)

Section 3.2: Echocardiography

Section 3.3: Cardiac Imaging

Section 3.4: Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography

Part II: Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Heart Disease

Chapter 4: Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis

Section 4.1: Endothelial Dysfunction

Section 4.2: Plaque Formation and Rupture

Chapter 5: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

Section 5.1: Hypertension

Section 5.2: Dyslipidemia

Section 5.3: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Section 5.4: Smoking and Lifestyle Factors

Chapter 6: Acute Coronary Syndromes

Section 6.1: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)

Section 6.2: NSTEMI and Unstable Angina

Section 6.3: Management and Revascularization

Chapter 7: Stable Ischemic Heart Disease

Section 7.1: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis

Section 7.2: Medical and Surgical Management

Section 7.3: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and CABG

Chapter 8: Peripheral Artery Disease

Section 8.1: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Section 8.2: Diagnosis and Treatment

Part III: Valvular Heart Disease

Chapter 9: Aortic Valve Disease

Section 9.1: Aortic Stenosis and Regurgitation

Section 9.2: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)

Section 9.3: Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR)

Chapter 10: Mitral Valve Disease

Section 10.1: Mitral Stenosis and Regurgitation

Section 10.2: Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair

Section 10.3: Surgical Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement

Chapter 11: Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valve Disease

Section 11.1: Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valve Disorders

Section 11.2: Multivalvular Disease

Chapter 12: Prosthetic Heart Valves

Section 12.1: Types and Complications

Section 12.2: Management of Patients with Prosthetic Valves

Part IV: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies

Chapter 13: Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Section 13.1: Remodeling and Neurohormonal Activation

Section 13.2: Systolic vs. Diastolic Dysfunction

Chapter 14: Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Section 14.1: Pharmacological Therapy

Section 14.2: Device Therapy

Section 14.3: Mechanical Circulatory Support

Section 14.4: Heart Transplantation

Chapter 15: Cardiomyopathies

Section 15.1: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

Section 15.2: Dilated and Restrictive Cardiomyopathies

Section 15.3: Myocarditis and Cardiac Amyloidosis

Section 15.4: Athletes Heart

Part V: Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology

Chapter 16: Cardiac Electrophysiology

Section 16.1: Ion Channels and Action Potentials

Section 16.2: Mechanisms of Arrhythmia

Chapter 17: Supraventricular Tachycardias (SVTs)

Section 17.1: Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter

Section 17.2: Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)

Chapter 18: Ventricular Arrhythmias

Section 18.1: Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and Fibrillation (VF)

Section 18.2: Sudden Cardiac Death

Chapter 19: Bradyarrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances

Section 19.1: Sinus Node Dysfunction

Section 19.2: Atrioventricular (AV) Block

Chapter 20: Electrophysiology Studies and Ablation

Section 20.1: Diagnostic EP Studies