Chapter 4: Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis

• Section 4.1: Endothelial Dysfunction

  • 4.1.1: Role of Inflammation
    • Cytokines and inflammatory markers (CRP)
    • Monocyte adhesion and infiltration
  • 4.1.2: Oxidized LDL and Plaque Initiation
    • Role of foam cells
    • Lipoprotein deposition

• Section 4.2: Plaque Formation and Rupture

  • 4.2.1: From Fatty Streaks to Fibrous Plaques
    • Smooth muscle cell migration
    • Fibrous cap formation
  • 4.2.2: Vulnerable Plaques
    • Thin fibrous caps
    • Large lipid cores
  • 4.2.3: Thrombus Formation
    • Plaque rupture and erosion
    • Platelet activation and aggregation