Oral Semaglutide in an East Asian Population With Overweight or Obesity, With or Without Type 2 Diabetes

The OASIS 2 Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA 2025

Results

Overall, 201 participants (mean [SD] age, 49 [11] years; mean [SD] body weight, 91.9 [18.2] kg; 87 [43.3%] female; 51 [25.4%] with T2D) were randomized to semaglutide (n = 134) or placebo (n = 67).

The mean (SEM) percentage change in body weight was −14.3% (0.8) with semaglutide vs −1.3% (1.1) with placebo (estimated treatment difference, −13.07 percentage points; 95% CI, −15.61 to −10.52; P \< .001).

More participants had 5% or greater body weight reductions with semaglutide vs placebo (107 of 127 [84.3%] vs 11 of 64 [17.2%]; odds ratio, 23.00; 95% CI, 10.28-51.42; P \< .001).

Gastrointestinal tract adverse events were reported by 85 of 134 participants (63.4%) with semaglutide and 23 of 66 with placebo (34.8%).

Adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in 6 of 134 participants (4.5%) in the semaglutide arm.

Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, among East Asian adults with overweight or obesity, with or without T2D, oral semaglutide, 50 mg, led to a superior and clinically meaningful reduction in body weight compared with placebo, with a safety profile consistent with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist class.